Lung conditions can affect anyone, irrespective of age, gender, or geographical location. While each lung disease has unique characteristics, they usually trigger a common symptom: breathing difficulty. The struggle to breathe can be terrifying. It can affect a person’s performance in routine activities and lower their quality of life. This post lists a few common lung conditions that can cause breathing difficulty. Those with these disorders should visit a healthcare provider for timely treatment.

Emphysema
Emphysema is a type of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) that primarily affects the air sacs (alveoli) in the lungs. The air sacs lose their elasticity and thus cannot expand and contract efficiently. As a result, the patient suffers from airflow obstruction and breathing difficulty. Besides shortness of breath, one may develop chronic cough, wheezing, and fatigue when diagnosed with emphysema. The condition is usually caused by long-term exposure to irritants like air pollution, dust, and chemical fumes.

Pulmonary embolism
Pulmonary embolism is a severe lung condition that can cause breathing difficulty. It occurs when a blood clot, usually originating in the legs (deep vein thrombosis), travels through the bloodstream and lodges in the lungs’ arteries. This blockage restricts blood flow to the affected lung area, leading to potentially life-threatening consequences. It is essential to recognize the signs and symptoms of pulmonary embolism. Common indications include sudden and severe shortness of breath, which may worsen with physical activity.

Acute respiratory distress syndrome
Acute respiratory distress syndrome, or ARDS, can result from various factors, including severe infections, injuries, or inhalation of harmful elements from the air. The condition impairs the lungs’ ability to oxygenate the blood, leading to breathing difficulty and respiratory failure. Its symptoms include severe shortness of breath, rapid breathing, blue-colored lips or nails, and confusion. Intensive care may be necessary for managing ARDS.

Cystic fibrosis
Cystic fibrosis is a genetic disorder that affects multiple organs, including the lungs. It leads to the production of thick and sticky mucus, which obstructs the airways and promotes bacterial growth. Breathing difficulty is a common symptom of cystic fibrosis, and it can also cause persistent cough, recurrent lung infections, and salty-tasting skin. Besides respiratory issues, individuals may face challenges related to digestion and nutrient absorption. Although the condition has no cure, various treatments can help manage the discomforts and improve the patient’s quality of life.

Occupational lung diseases
Occupational lung diseases are a category of lung conditions that arise from prolonged exposure to harmful elements in the workplace. They can have detrimental effects on a person’s respiratory health and are often associated with specific industries or occupations. Some examples of occupational lung diseases include asbestosis, silicosis, and coal workers’ pneumoconiosis (CWP).

Breathing difficulty should not be ignored. Individuals who find it hard to breathe should visit a doctor for diagnosis, use the right treatments, and make necessary lifestyle adjustments. It is important to note that lung conditions do not have a one-size-fits-all management approach. Healthcare professionals develop a personalized treatment plan after considering the patient’s symptoms, past health records, and other factors.